Consistent Sets Contradict

Starlings uphold principles of economic rationality for delay and probability of reward.

Rationality principles are the bedrock of normative theories of decision-making in biology and microeconomics, but whereas in microeconomics, consistent choice underlies the notion of utility; in biology, the assumption of consistent selective pressures justifies modelling decision mechanisms as if they were designed to maximize fitness. In either case, violations of consistency contradict expe...

The postdiction superiority effect in metacomprehension of text.

Metacomprehension accuracy for texts was greater after, rather than before, answering test questions about the texts-a postdiction superiority effect. Although postdiction superiority was found across successive sets of test questions and across successive texts, there was no improvement in metacomprehension accuracy after participants had taken more tests. Neither prediction nor postdiction ga...

Towards Partial Reasoning

This paper presents a framework for rea.uoning with partial information provided bv multiple agents. On the semantic side, there are partial objects corresponding t.o equivalence classes of indiscernible object.s. Sets of partial objects form partial worlds. On the synt,’u:tic side, agents describe their partial worhls, and their description sets are taken as sets of axioms for fi~rmal systems ...

Why Even the Logic of Re-Defined Choice May Still Contradict the Logic of Care in Public Health Systems?

On sceptical vs credulous acceptance for abstract argument systems

At a high level of abstraction, many systems of argumentation can be represented by a set of abstract arguments, and a binary relation between these abstract arguments describing how they contradict each other. Acceptable sets of arguments, called extensions, can be defined as sets of arguments that do not contradict one another, and attack all their attackers. We are interested in this paper i...